As parental overprotection increases in contemporary families, its impact on adolescent development has aroused extensive scholarly concern. Currently, there are many studies on the influence of parental overprotection on adolescents' depression, but there is a lack of comprehensive research on parental overprotection. This study analyzed the mechanism of its influence by integrating 12 relevant studies from the Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The research found that parental overprotection is positively correlated with adolescents' depression. For adolescents themselves, parental overprotection leads to a lack of autonomy and affects the core brain regions involved in emotional processing. For families, parental overprotection disrupts family emotional connections and parent- adolescent trust. Influenced by social concepts, male adolescents are more likely to be depressed under the parental overprotection, and maternal overprotection has a greater impact on the adolescent depression. Therefore, measures can be implemented from the family, school, and social aspects to prevent teenage depression.