Since the 2010s, the U.S. government has adopted value-based purchasing, and many states has utilized this program to reduce hospital readmission rates and improve performance of urban hospitals. Nonetheless, the lack of participation in this program among rural hospitals has contributed to the growing urban-rural health disparities. This paper aims to identify policy solutions to improve health outcomes of vulnerable populations who reside in resource-poor at-home healthcare agencies, nursing homes, and hospitals in rural regions. This paper finds that rural health outcomes are significantly worse than urban parts. At the same time, it also shows that African Americans and Hispanics have higher mortality and morbidity rates than that of their White counterparts, demonstrating the need for policymakers to further address the unmet medical needs of vulnerable populations, such as racial minorities and those with chronic conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes that the government allocates more healthcare funding toward resource-poor urban hospitals. Moreover, insurers should not penalize rural hospitals with a higher proportion of high-risk patients for having higher-than-average hospital readmission rates.

The process of promoting the construction of the rule of law in China, there have been emerging legislation, there are also behind the abolition of legislation, criminal reconciliation system through legislation also formally entered the investigation stage in China. But at the same time, the controversy about this system has never stopped, and the important status of money, a sensitive thing in criminal reconciliation, makes the public full of doubts and incomprehensibilities about this system. From loss reduced the things appear in the beginning, some scholars begin to looking for reliable for its legitimacy basis to prove the existence of this system is reasonable, until the system has the breakthrough on the legislation, but not for the public's confusion a systemic response and cracking. valueless behavior theory in considering the twin issues of legal interest undermines the effectiveness of criminal punishment as a deterrent, rendering it less impactful compared to alternative approaches. Consequently, within the framework of such punitive measures, accommodating a criminal reconciliation system becomes challenging.

On the occasion of a valuation adjustment mechanism, the main conflict of profit occurs between the shareholders of the repurchasable shares and the creditors of the target company. Since the introduction of the Minutes of the national courts' civil and commercial trial work conference (Minutes), the academic debate on the valuation adjustment mechanism has centred on the enforceability of the share repurchase clause therein. If the dispute is dealt with according to the literal meaning of Article 5(2) of the Minutes, it is not only detrimental to the maintenance of transaction security, but also systematically in conflict with Article 579 of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as ‘Civil Code’) systematically. Therefore, by means of systemic interpretation, Article 5(2) of the Minutes can be limited to the case of ‘insufficient distributable profits’ in order to achieve the harmonisation of the normative system.

The role of international organizations in wartime has attracted much attention. However, despite the existence of international organizations, there are still many wars and conflicts in the international community. This article explores the limitations of international organizations and the reasons for the inaction of international organizations during wartime, including international law, the political will of member states, and the ability to act. This article will start from a historical perspective, review the establishment of some early international organizations, the development of international law and its role, and then analyze the role of the United Nations as a modern international organization in depth. This article will further examine how international organizations should play a more active role in the conflict by comparing it to a successful case of international organizations in conflict resolution - the Sudan and Ethiopia conflicts. Finally, this article will discuss some possible solutions to improve the role of international organizations in wartime.

In China, the judicial practice has confirmed the effect of the transfer of share rights guarantee, but it is often classified into the standard framework of general transfer of movable property guarantee and lacks the special system consideration in the company law of share rights. Therefore, the commercial purpose of the transfer of share rights guarantee and the market rules it follows can provide an interpretation path in the view of Company law for the affirmation of the validity of the transfer of share rights guarantee. The characteristics of equity transfer guarantee, such as compound power, formal appearance, and common value, should be incorporated into the legal framework. In terms of internal effectiveness, the scope of the rights of the parties should be determined based on the shareholder qualification system of the Company Law. In terms of external effectiveness, it should follow the normative and theoretical purposes of the Company Law, and determine the rights and obligations of each party according to the specific situation.

With the rapid development of the big data network era, cybercrime has gradually emerged in people's vision. As a new form of crime, it has a high degree of concealment and demonstration. Minors, due to their immature mental development and lack of sufficient judgment, are prone to becoming victims of "sexual harassment". At present, legislation and judicial interpretation are not yet perfect, and there are many disputes in the academic community regarding the application of the law. Resolving these disputes has become an urgent task. The research methods used in this article mainly include literature analysis and case analysis. Firstly, this article provides an in-depth interpretation of the keyword "sexual harassment in the distance" from different perspectives, then it combines this phrase with actual cases in the "China Judgment Document Network" to analyze the judicial practice difficulties and explore the path. Finally, it looks forward to the future of China's rule of law construction.

This paper will examine the transformation of NATO-Russia relations from the post-Cold War stage to the 2014 Crimea crisis. It will specify how NATO's several eastward expansions contributed to the shift of Russia's foreign policy and their bilateral relationship. The analysis will begin with the optimism the Russian side held after the Cold War and the establishment of bilateral cooperation acts such as the Basic Act and the Partnership for Peace. The paper will also analyze the color revolutions that occurred in Ukraine and Georgia, as well as the subsequent 2008 Russo-Georgian War, to examine how Russia's foreign policy has shifted during the 2000s. The paper will then shed light on the Ukrainian crisis in 2014, which ultimately ended the cooperation between Russia and NATO. Through case studies, this paper will examine the shift of Russia’s foreign policy in the context of NATO's eastward expansion, which has reshaped the geopolitical landscape of Eastern Europe in the past decades.

With the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence technology has gradually been valued by the public and applied in various industries. At the level of business and corporate governance, there are also examples of AI directors participating in corporate governance internationally, providing us with space to explore the application of AI directors in Chinese corporate governance and decision-making. In December 2023, China promulgated a newly revised Company Law, and this article aims to explore how China responds to the issue of artificial intelligence directors in the context of the new Company Law. Specifically, it manifests as the authorization of artificial intelligence directors as auxiliary functions, the expansion and modification of the obligations of natural person directors, and the issue of responsibility assumption caused by artificial intelligence directors.

With the tide of the digital economy, an increasing number of individuals are showcasing their talents through online live streaming and earning reward income. However, compared to other income sources of the streamers, the nature of live streaming rewards presents a significant challenge to tax authorities due to its concealed characteristics. Based on the current legislative status in our country, this paper deeply analyzes the connotation and classification of live streaming reward income, revealing numerous issues faced in the field of tax collection and administration. These issues include but are not limited to the ambiguity of the taxpayer, unclear tax categories and rates, imperfect tax reporting systems, underdeveloped tax information sharing mechanisms, and an incomplete tax credit system. To effectively address these challenges, this paper constructs an overall framework around the elements of taxation and, in conjunction with existing tax laws and regulations, proposes practical and feasible suggestions for improvement.

This paper examines the motivations behind the increased U.S. activities in the South China Sea (SCS) and the impact on U.S.-China relations. By analysing the security dilemma and applying realism theory, the study identifies three key phases: the Obama administration’s “Pivot to Asia,” the post-2016 arbitration ruling response, and the Biden administration’s diplomatic efforts. The paper highlights the strategic importance of the SCS, U.S. military and diplomatic manoeuvres, and China’s reactions. The findings reveal how these actions exacerbate the security dilemma, influencing both nations’ regional and global standings. The study concludes that transparent dialogue is crucial to mitigating tensions and avoiding further escalation.