This study investigates the psychological projections of viewers onto virtual anchors and their resulting attachment behaviors. With the increasing popularity of live-streaming platforms, virtual anchors have become prominent digital figures that interact with viewers in real time. This research investigates how emotional attachment to virtual entities is formed through psychological projection, which involves, attributing one's feelings or qualities to others. A quantitative approach was employed for data collection, involving a questionnaire administered to 121 respondents. The findings indicate that appearance, personality, and interaction frequency significantly influence audience attachment. Viewers tend to project desired traits onto virtual anchors and form emotional attachments that can be sustained through repeated interactions. Interestingly, even passive viewers who are less attached to the programs reported strong attachments, showing that projection and other factors contribute to forming this attachment. The study reveals that while emotional reliance on virtual anchors is present, it remains at a moderate level, with content style being an important factor for viewer dependency. These insights provide a deeper understanding of virtual relationships and offer valuable implications for virtual content design and development that add to the influences of digital media engagement

This Article examines the U.S. Supreme Court's evolving constitutional frameworks for abortion rights. It traces the shift from Roe v. Wade's privacy-based rationale to Planned Parenthood v. Casey's undue burden standard. While Roe and Casey attempted to balance state interests with women's reproductive autonomy, they ultimately fell short of fully addressing the unique social, economic, and psychological burdens women face. Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization introduced a historical tradition approach, rejecting this balancing test and returning regulatory power to states. This decision undermines women's autonomy and complicates democratic access, particularly for marginalized groups. Recognizing the limitations of Roe and Casey in fully protecting women's equality and critiquing Dobbs' unbalanced historical focus, this Article proposes a new framework that prioritizes women's needs. Drawing on international perspectives, such as Japan's emphasis on family and societal welfare, it argues that centering women's lived experiences, including the often-overlooked burdens of motherhood, is essential for crafting a reproductive rights model that balances individual autonomy with social equity

Since UNESCO’s vision for developing civic engagement tools in heritage management in the 2011 Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape, civic engagement has been considered one of the most important ways to promote the sustainable development of heritage. However, two primary obstacles have consistently hindered its effective implementation: the subjugation of authoritative power by international heritage organisations or national governments and conflicts arising from divergent notions of heritage designation and management at the same hierarchical level due to varied heritage concepts. This paper seeks to advance research on the prevalent civic engagement practice of narrating personal heritage stories, with the objective of addressing these existing challenges and enhancing the effective scope of civic engagement within the heritage sector. Through the literature review, which encompasses a thorough examination of contemporary theory and the various case studies of heritage narrative, this paper reveals that civic storytelling practices possess two dimensions: the empowerment narrative and the enlightenment narrative. These two dimensions can significantly mitigate tensions within communities and citizen groups while simultaneously tackling the issue of bureaucratic hegemony over heritage perception. With the additional discussion of these two dimensions, this study proposes ‘The Collaborative Framework of the Civic Heritage Narrative Cycle’ as a tool for helping planners to develop narrative practices and foster the sustained advancement of heritage within an environment that is more democratic and communicates narratives

This study through the review of literature found that many articles are mainly about the importance of parents for children's daily life, they did not introduce the choice of family activities for preschool children pro-social behavior. Therefore, the study examine the choice of preschool children family activities questionnaire analysis. The 241 valid questionnaires were collected through the Pearson correlation analysis. Results reveal that outdoor activities, parent-child yoga/gymnastics, healthy diet education, regular physical examinations and hygiene habits cultivation, parent-child reading, role-playing, games, singing and nursery rhymes, visiting art exhibitions or cultural activities, encouraging children's free creation, scientific experiments, painting and handicrafts, visiting museums and science galleries, and watching science and art related videos have a positive correlation with the prosocial behavior of preschool children. Therefore, preschool children can choose daily activities around five fields, through reading, outdoor sports, science museum, etc

This paper explores the impact of family parent-child games (PCG) and attachment on children's social adaptability in depth. PCG, which include a variety of types, positively affect children's cognitive development, emotional development, social skills (SS) training, and adaptive behavior. Attachment are divided into secure, avoidant, and resistant types, among others. A secure attachment (SA) helps children establish a positive self-concept, promotes exploratory behavior, enhances cognitive development, regulates emotions, and develops SS, which are also crucial to children's adaptive behavior. PCG and attachment influence each other and jointly affect children's adaptability. A positive family environment (FE) is conducive to the development of both. Strategies to promote children's social adaptability include enhancing the quality and frequency of PCG, establishing secure attachment, and leveraging the collaborative effects of family, school, and society. In summary, family PCG and attachment significantly impact the development of children's social adaptability. Parents should value and cooperate with schools and society to create a favorable growth environment for children.

This comparative analysis delves into the role of religious and economic factors in shaping social stratification in Samoa and Tonga, two prominent societies within the Polynesian triangle. While both islands share cultural traditions that intertwine religious beliefs with the control of resources, which grant chiefs or kings substantial authority, their political structures have evolved along distinct trajectories. Tonga developed a centralized monarchy, heavily influenced by the divine right of kingship, consolidating power in the hands of the monarchy and reinforcing hierarchical structures. In contrast, Samoa established a decentralized matai system, prioritizing communal governance and shared leadership through extended family networks. The study further explores how geographical and economic conditions shaped these divergent systems, contributing to varying degrees of institutionalized inequality and societal organization. By examining the interplay of religion, governance, and resource control, this paper aims to provide a detailed understanding of how these factors historically influenced social hierarchies and power dynamics across Polynesia.

The exploration of self-identity is a central theme in both philosophy and psychology, offering crucial insights into personal continuity and the nature of the self. David Hume's A Treatise of Human Nature presents a groundbreaking view that challenges the traditional notion of a stable, enduring self. Hume argues that the self is not a singular, unchanging entity but a fluid collection of perceptions, including sensory experiences, thoughts, and emotions, all in constant flux. This contrasts sharply with traditional psychological theories, which emphasize a consistent self-concept and stable personality traits. This paper integrates Hume's philosophical insights with contemporary psychological frameworks to develop a more nuanced understanding of self-identity as a complex, fluid, and context-sensitive construct. Hume's ideas on memory, imagination, and reflexive impressions extend traditional models of self-identity, offering a dynamic perspective that aligns with modern psychological theories emphasizing the evolving nature of personal identity. The integration of Hume's perspective has significant implications for clinical practice, suggesting the need for more flexible therapeutic approaches that acknowledge the dynamic nature of self-identity. This includes supporting individuals through identity transitions and embracing the variability in self-concept. By merging philosophical and psychological perspectives, this paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of self-identity, providing valuable insights for both theoretical exploration and practical application in psychological practice.

This review examines the influence of diverse family of origin factors on adult romantic relationships, concentrating on critical elements such as attachment styles, communication patterns, conflict resolution, family cohesion, family structure, and self-differentiation and self-regulation formed by early family experiences. Existing research reveals that early family dynamics significantly affect individuals' behaviours, beliefs, and satisfaction in romantic relationships during adulthood. The paper consolidates empirical findings from multiple studies, accentuating the role of secure and insecure attachment styles in determining romantic relationship satisfaction. It also investigates how family functions, specifically communication patterns, conflict management, and family cohesion, influence relationship outcomes. Additionally, the review highlights the degrees of self-differentiation and self-regulation influence the quality of intimate relationships. Psychological frameworks including attachment theory, family systems theory, and social learning theory offer the primary perspectives for comprehending these influences. The review also recognises critical deficiencies in the literature, including the requirement for more longitudinal studies and cross-cultural social class and gender comparisons. Overall, Individuals who grow up in nurturing, positive family environments with good parent-child interactions tend to have higher quality and more satisfying romantic relationships in adulthood. Studying on the impact of family of origin on romantic relationships can assist society in resolving family emotional conflicts and fostering harmony, it can likewise enrich the theoretical framework of family and emotional-related research in the academic field.

In the present social context where health awareness is on the rise Chinese consumers’ appetite for healthy beverages is experiencing a rapid upward trend. Wellness tea beverages, which integrate traditional wellness concepts with modern beverage culture, are increasingly popular among consumers due to their potential health advantages.. This report offers an in-depth analysis of the dynamic changes in demand and consumption patterns of wellness tea across different provinces in China. By comprehensively dissecting the sales volume, price, and consumption behaviors of branded wellness tea in various cities and stores on the Taobao platform, it aims to disclose market trends and construct a regression forecast model for sales volume. The results indicate that the price factor (both pre-coupon and post-coupon prices) is the most decisive element influencing sales volume. Geographical regional disparities also exert a certain impact on sales volume, while macroeconomic indicators such as per capita GDP have a relatively minor impact. These discoveries not only provide decision support for market participants in the wellness tea industry, but also provide valuable reference information for policymakers, thereby facilitating the healthy progression of the industry and further tapping into the market potential.

With the reform of education, the role of teachers has gradually shifted from simply imparting knowledge to guiding students, putting higher expectations and pressure on teachers. In this context, this article analyzes the correlation between teachers' professional beliefs and professional motivations from the perspective of professional beliefs. This article argues that in the context of high-pressure environments and rapid technological development, the reasons for insufficient professional motivation among teachers include excessive work pressure, lack of social and school support, and inadequate salary and promotion mechanisms. Teacher professional beliefs have a positive effect on professional motivation. When enhancing professional beliefs, teacher professional beliefs have a significant improvement effect on professional motivation, which helps teachers maintain positivity and enthusiasm when facing challenges and difficulties. Based on this, this article proposes specific methods to enhance teachers' beliefs and motivation, such as providing psychological support to help teachers relieve stress, offering more professional development opportunities to boost teachers' professional confidence, establishing a fair reward and recognition mechanism, and improving the teaching and office environment through a series of incentive measures to help enhance teachers' professional beliefs, thereby achieving the goal of improving teaching motivation and quality.