With the development of social media, it has become an essential platform for two-way communication between the public and organizations. However, the existing literature has mainly focused on the organization's one-way communication strategies for disseminating content. On the contrary, the "interaction" as a two-way communication process is not well explored. This study aims to explore the role of the interaction between the public and the organization on social media in terms of the intensity of the interaction and the quality of the interaction in shaping the perception of the transparency of the organization and, ultimately, the perception of the organization and the behavior of the public in the form of word-of-mouth communication and crisis resilience. The methodology employed in the present study is a mixed-methods approach, which includes content analysis to collect data, a questionnaire survey using the time-lagged approach, and, finally, data analysis using the structural equation model. The study shows that high-quality, high-intensity social media interactions function as a behavioral signal of organizational transparency, thereby enhancing perceived legitimacy and trust and increasing the spread of positive word-of-mouth and resistance intentions among the public in crisis. The results of the present study will help unveil the deeper value of interaction between the public and organizations on social media.

In recent years, the destinations of Chinese students returning from studying abroad have become a topic of much discussion. This article takes "waithood" as the core concept and discusses the new waiting state of Chinese students who have returned from studying abroad after completing their overseas education. Through the literature review, combined with the research on waithood, the identity of international students and the flow of social relationships, as well as the changes in the domestic job market, this article analyzes why international students enter this new type of waithood after returning to their home countries. Moreover, the article also explores the "self-rescue methods" of international students in response to this situation. They will transform waiting into a new lifestyle through means such as exam preparation, temporary employment, or the Internet. The paper finds that the waithood experienced by returning international students is not simply caused by personal confusion or personal failure, but is shaped by the gap between international mobility and actual social mobility. Contemporary young people are also encouraged to constantly improve themselves to adapt to this social trend.

After April 2024, the Iran-Israel conflict became an open multi-domain crisis featuring direct sovereign strikes, targeted diplomatic premises, and fused nuclear and energy security risks. Three structural failures sustain this rivalry, namely no regional security architecture, a verification vacuum eliminating the neutral factual baseline for bargaining, and selective Charter enforcement that erodes Council credibility. Drawing on UN Security Council records, IAEA safeguards reports, treaty texts, and open-source developments, the study traces the trajectory from the April 2024 Damascus strike through the June 2025 nuclear site campaigns to the ongoing maritime coercion near the Strait of Hormuz. It also reviews international responses, including Council firebreaks, IAEA safeguards dialogue, and regional mediation by Qatar, Egypt, and Oman. Diagnosing why these symptom-focused measures fall short, the study proposes a sequenced pathway consisting of a basic firewall prohibiting strikes on diplomatic premises, safeguarded nuclear sites, as well as civilians, a standing crisis management channel, and an incentive-linked framework that ties sanctions relief to verifiable nuclear and missile rollbacks.

The advent of generative artificial intelligence undeniably disrupts the traditional paradigms of intellectual property law. In this context, this paper examines the implications of AI-generated content for Australia's current intellectual property framework. Specifically, it analyzes the existing policy landscape and regulatory measures in Australia, including the issuance of strategic policy frameworks, court decisions denying patent eligibility for AI-generated inventions, and seminal rulings on data infringement. Furthermore, by comparing major international practices and assessing gaps in Australia's AI governance framework, it proposes several potential development pathways for Australia, guided by policy objectives and ethical considerations. Following a policy pathway review, a moderate reform approach better aligned with Australia's current circumstances was selected. This approach directly targets the most controversial issues, providing the most feasible and balanced direction for reform, in line with the requirements of Australia's artificial intelligence development and the needs of the public.

Machiavelli says in The Prince that rulers must "learn not to be good". It means that good government and moral behavior cannot always go together. This essay disagrees with that idea. It argues that Machiavelli treats morality as a tool to be used or discarded when needed. But this is not just practical thinking. It is a wrong understanding of how political power works. This essay uses text analysis and case studies. It also looks at ideas from Locke, Rawls and Aristotle, comparing them with views from Weber and Walzer on the "dirty hands" problem. There are three main points. First, morality is necessary for political legitimacy. For example, the cases of Syria and Denmark show that when morality breaks down, governance becomes unstable. Second, when rulers treat morality as a tool, they damage politics. They weaken social norms, reduce trust in institutions and create ongoing problems. Third, when this way of thinking is used in international politics, it harms cooperation between countries. In the end, the essay argues that good leadership does not mean ignoring morality. Instead, it means using moral judgment carefully and in a controlled way.

Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) is a vital part of cultural identity and historical memory. Yet traditional methods of passing it down face serious problems. These include an aging pool of inheritors and shrinking audiences. Meanwhile, new media platforms like short-video apps and social media offer fresh opportunities for spreading ICH. This study examines how new media influences ICH communication through a review of existing research and an analysis of real-world cases. The study focuses on three major platforms—Douyin, Bilibili, and WeChat. It analyzes two representative examples: the "Qiren Jiangxin" MCN agency and the micro-documentary series Learning ICH in Quanzhou. The findings show that new media helps ICH reach more people. It provides new ways to tell cultural stories and encourages audiences to get involved. However, challenges remain, such as cultural oversimplification, content homogenization, excessive commercialization, and unequal digital access. The study concludes that effective ICH communication must carefully navigate the tension between authenticity and innovation. It should maintain cultural roots while adopting modern forms of expression. This study offers a practical reference for integrating digital communication with traditional heritage protection.